Alfredo Toro Hardy, PhD, is a retired Venezuelan career diplomat, scholar and author. He is a former Ambassador to the US, UK, Spain, Brazil, Ireland, Chile and Singapore, and the author or co-author of 36 books on international affairs. Alfredo is a former Fulbright Scholar and visiting professor at Princeton and Brasilia universities. He is also an Honorary Fellow of the Geneva School of Diplomacy and International Relations and a member of the Review Panel of the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center.