Why Capitalism Failed in the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic
Turkey’s economic struggles arise from a bureaucratic...

Canercan Çiftçi holds a BA in History from Anadolu University, where he is currently pursuing a master’s degree specializing in the History of the Turkish Republic. Proficient in both Turkish and Ottoman Turkish, he participated in the 2025 VOICEU Jean Monnet Module project.
Turkey’s economic struggles arise from a bureaucratic...
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