In a striking political development over the past two months, the Iraqi government has initiated steps to formally integrate the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) into the national army structure. This act raises urgent questions about state sovereignty, civil-military relations, and the future of Iraq’s fragile institutions. On March 24, 2025, Iraq’s parliament convened its initial … Continue reading From Paramilitary to Powerbroker: The High Cost of Legalizing the PMF in Iraq